Inovasi dalam Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADAMATERI MATRIKS KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 5 PEMATANGSIANTAR

Wenda Sesilia, Ropinus Sidabutar, Yanty Maria Rosmauli Marbun — Sat, 31 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar Tahun Ajaran 2026/2027. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain Pre-Experimental One-Shot Case Study. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 346 siswa, dengan sampel 34 siswa kelas XI-2 yang dipilih melalui simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes kemampuan berpikir kritis dan angket persepsi siswa. Hasil uji prasyarat menunjukkan data berdistribusi normal dan memiliki hubungan linear. Analisis regresi linear sederhana menghasilkan persamaan Y = 16,348 + 1,006X, dengan t hitung 8,666 > t tabel 2,037, yang menunjukkan pengaruh positif dan signifikan. Nilai R Square sebesar 0,701 menunjukkan kontribusi PBL sebesar 70,1% terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Dengan demikian, model pembelajaran PBL berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi operasi matriks.

This study aims to determine the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on the critical thinking skills of Grade XI students at SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar during the 2026/2027 academic year. The study employs a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental “one-shot case study” design. The research population consisted of 346 students, with a sample of 34 students from class XI-2 selected via simple random sampling. Data were collected through critical thinking skills tests and student perception questionnaires. Prerequisite test results indicated that the data were normally distributed and exhibited a linear relationship. Simple linear regression analysis yielded the equation Y = 16,348 + 1,006X, with a calculated t-value of 8,666 > t-table value of 2.037, demonstrating a positive and significant effect. An R-squared value of 0,701 indicates that PBL contributed 70,1% to the students’ critical thinking skills. Thus, the PBL model has a positive and significant effect on students’ critical thinking skills regarding the topic of matrix operations.

KONSEP MONITORING DAN EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN

Feri Irawan, Haryuni, Yuslaili, Alfi Ramadhan, Saiful Bahri, Munawar — Sat, 31 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep, fungsi, tantangan implementasi, serta urgensi strategis monitoring dan evaluasi (Monev) dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan pendidikan. Setiap kebijakan pendidikan membutuhkan mekanisme pengawasan dan penilaian yang sistematis guna memastikan bahwa tujuan yang telah dirancang dapat tercapai secara efektif, efisien, transparan, dan akuntabel. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi pustaka (library research) dengan mengkaji berbagai artikel jurnal terakreditasi, buku teks, dan dokumen regulasi terkait administrasi serta kebijakan pendidikan yang diterbitkan dalam rentang tahun 2021 hingga 2026. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa monitoring berfungsi sebagai pengawasan proses secara berkelanjutan untuk mendeteksi kendala operasional sejak dini, sedangkan evaluasi berfokus pada penilaian hasil, efektivitas, dan dampak kebijakan jangka panjang. Hambatan utama dalam pelaksanaan Monev pendidikan meliputi keterbatasan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, budaya evaluasi yang masih defensif, fragmentasi data, serta lemahnya tindak lanjut hasil evaluasi. Penguatan sistem Monev melalui pemanfaatan teknologi informasi digital, peningkatan kompetensi evaluator, pembudayaan kualitas secara adaptif, serta pengintegrasian rekomendasi evaluasi ke dalam perencanaan strategis sangat diperlukan demi mewujudkan tata kelola pendidikan yang unggul.

This study aims to examine the concepts, functions, implementation challenges, and strategic urgency of monitoring and evaluation (Monev) in educational policy implementation. Educational policies require systematic supervision and assessment mechanisms to ensure that planned objectives are achieved efficiently, transparently, and accountably. Using a qualitative literature review approach (library research), data were synthesized from peer-reviewed national journals, books, and policy documents on educational administration and public policy published between 2021 and 2026. The findings indicate that monitoring serves as a continuous, process-oriented mechanism to track progress and identify operational bottlenecks early, whereas evaluation focuses on assessing outcomes, effectiveness, and long-term policy impacts. Key challenges in executing educational Monev include limited human resource capacity, defensive evaluation cultures, data fragmentation, and weak follow-up on evaluation findings. Strengthening Monev systems through digital-based information management, capacity building, institutionalizing a continuous quality culture, and integrating findings into strategic planning is essential to improve overall educational governance and outcomes.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH DAN SELF-EFFICACY MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS XI DI SMA NEGERI 5 PEMATANGSIANTAR

Kristina Oktaviani Pasaribu, Rick Hunter Simanungkalit, Yanty Maria Marbun — Sat, 31 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbasis etnomatematika terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan self-efficacy matematis siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar Tahun Ajaran 2026/2027. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain Pre-Experimental One-Shot Case Study. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar, dengan sampel sebanyak 34 siswa kelas XI-1 yang dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dan angket self-efficacy matematis serta angket persepsi siswa terhadap pembelajaran PBL berbasis etnomatematika. Hasil uji prasyarat menunjukkan bahwa data berdistribusi normal dan memiliki hubungan yang linear. Analisis regresi linear sederhana pada kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis menghasilkan persamaan (Y = 34,399 + 0,727X), dengan nilai t_hitung= 2,642 > t_tabel= 2,037) dan signifikansi 0,013. Nilai R Square sebesar 0,179 menunjukkan kontribusi sebesar 17,9%. Sementara itu, analisis regresi linear sederhana pada self-efficacy matematis menghasilkan persamaan (Y = 41,681 + 0,394X), dengan nilai t_hitung= 2,122 > t_tabel= 2,037) dan signifikansi 0,042. Nilai R Square sebesar 0,123 menunjukkan kontribusi sebesar 12,3%. Dengan demikian, skor persepsi siswa terhadap pembelajaran PBL berbasis etnomatematika menunjukkan hubungan positif dan signifikan secara statistik dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan self-efficacy matematis siswa pada materi persamaan lingkaran.

This study aims to determine the effect of the ethnomathematics-based Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ mathematical problem-solving ability and self-efficacy in Grade XI at SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar in the 2026/2027 Academic Year. This study employed a quantitative approach with a Pre-Experimental One-Shot Case Study design. The population consisted of all Grade XI students at SMA Negeri 5 Pematangsiantar, with a sample of 34 students from Class XI-1 selected using simple random sampling. The data were collected through a mathematical problem-solving ability test, a self-efficacy questionnaire, and a student perception questionnaire regarding ethnomathematics-based PBL. The prerequisite test results indicated that the data were normally distributed and had a linear relationship. Simple linear regression analysis of students’ mathematical problem-solving ability produced the equation (Y = 34.399 + 0.727X), with a (t)-value of 2.642 greater than the critical (t)-value of 2.037 and a significance value of 0.013. The R Square value of 0.179 indicated a contribution of 17.9%. Meanwhile, simple linear regression analysis of students’ mathematical self-efficacy produced the equation (Y = 41.681 + 0.394X), with a (t)-value of 2.122 greater than the critical (t)-value of 2.037 and a significance value of 0.042. The R Square value of 0.123 indicated a contribution of 12.3%. Therefore, students’ perceptions of ethnomathematics-based PBL showed a positive and statistically significant relationship with students’ mathematical problem-solving ability and self-efficacy in the topic of circle equations.

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL MATERI BANGUN RUANG DITINJAU DARI PERBEDAAN GENDER KELAS VIII DI SMP SWASTA TELADAN PEMATANGSIANTAR

Reymond Dwi Putra Sinaga, Gayus Simarmata, Christa Voni Roulina Sinaga — Sat, 31 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VIII SMP Swasta Teladan Pematangsiantar dalam menyelesaikan materi bangun ruang, khusunya kubus dan balok. Observasi awal terhadap 29 siswa menunjukkan bahwa 13,33% memenuhi indikator memahami masalah, 16,67% merencanakan penyelesaian, 3,33% melaksanakn rencana, dan 0% memeriksa kembali hasil. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa berdasarkan perbedaan gender. Kajian penelitian menggunakan empat indikator polya, yaitu memahami masalah, menyususn rencana penyelesaian, melaksanakan rencana, dan memeriksa kembali hasil. Penelitian menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan enam subjek yang dipilih secara purposive, terdiri atas tiga siswa laki-laki dan tiga siswa perempuan dengan kategori kemampuan tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, tes tertulis, wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melakui klasifikasi, reduksi, penyajian, data, penafsiran, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa berkemampuan tinggi cenderung lebih mampu menyelesaikan masalah secara sistematis. Siswa berkemampuan sedang dan rendah masih mengalami kesulitan dalam menentukan strategi, menerapkan rumus, melakukan perhitungan, dan memeriksa hasil. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah bervariasi berdasarkan gender dan tingkat kemampuan siswa.

This research was motivated by the low mathematical problem-solving abilities of students in solving solid geometry problems. Students still experience difficulties in understanding the given and required information, determining solution strategies, carrying out calculations, and checking their results. This study aims to analyze students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities in solving solid geometry problems based on gender differences among eighth-grade students at SMP Swasta Teladan Pematangsiantar. This research employed a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were selected purposively by considering gender differences and students’ levels of mathematical problem-solving abilities. Data collection techniques included observation, written essay tests, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data classification, data reduction, data presentation, data interpretation, and conclusion drawing. Students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities were analyzed based on Polya’s four indicators: understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back at the solution. Data validity was established through triangulation to support the trustworthiness of the research findings. The findings are expected to provide an overview of the characteristics, similarities, and differences in the mathematical problem-solving abilities of male and female students across each indicator. They are also expected to serve as a consideration for teachers in designing mathematics instruction that addresses students’ learning needs.

ETHNOBOTANY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN SIJUNJUNG REGENCY, WEST SUMATRA: A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF SIX PRIMARY STUDIES, 2021–2025

Elva Rahmayani, Zulyusri — Sat, 31 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Ethnobotanical knowledge concerning plant use for health purposes in Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatra, is dispersed across studies conducted across locations and research foci. This narrative review summarizes evidence on species diversity, plant parts, preparation methods, and methodological characteristics of ethnobotanical studies. A literature search was conducted on 5 October 2026 using Google Scholar, Garuda, university journal portals, and Dimensions. Because the initial search was not fully documented, this study is presented as a narrative review rather than a systematic review. Six primary studies published between 2021 and 2025 were included. Reported species counts varied across locations and research objectives: 43 species associated with diabetes in Sijunjung District, 81 species in Nagari Padang Laweh, 42 species from 29 families in Nagari Sijunjung, and 24 species in Nagari Buluh Kasok. Leaves were the most frequently used plant part in two studies, while preparation methods were documented in only one study. Six species appeared in multiple studies based on extractable lists. The reviewed studies were predominantly descriptive inventories, and information on knowledge transmission was limited. The evidence indicates diverse local medicinal-plant knowledge, but heterogeneous data and incomplete reporting limit comparisons. Future research should improve search documentation, species-list extraction, and quantitative ethnobotanical analysis.