PERAN DINAS SOSIAL KOTA PEKANBARU DALAM PEMENUHAN HAK ATAS IDENTITAS ANAK TERLANTAR BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DAERAH KOTA PEKANBARU NOMOR 2 TAHUN 2023 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK

Abstrak

Hak atas identitas merupakan hak dasar setiap anak yang wajib dipenuhi oleh negara, termasuk bagi anak terlantar. Berdasarkan data Dinas Sosial Kota Pekanbaru, dari 90 anak terlantar pada tahun 2022 hingga Agustus 2025, sebanyak 75 anak di antaranya belum memiliki akta kelahiran. Kondisi ini menunjukkan masih adanya persoalan dalam pemenuhan hak identitas anak terlantar di Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran Dinas Sosial Kota Pekanbaru dalam pemenuhan hak atas identitas anak terlantar, faktor penghambat yang dihadapi, serta upaya yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi hambatan tersebut berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Kota Pekanbaru Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis sosiologis (yuridis empiris) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kantor Dinas Sosial Kota Pekanbaru. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara kepada Kepala Bidang Rehabilitasi Sosial dan Perlindungan Anak Dinas Sosial Kota Pekanbaru, Kepala Bidang Pelayanan Pencatatan Sipil Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Pekanbaru, serta pengurus Panti Asuhan Mufariddun Pekanbaru. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertama, Dinas Sosial Kota Pekanbaru telah menjalankan perannya melalui penjangkauan lapangan, pendataan dan penelusuran asal-usul anak, penampungan sementara selama 7 (tujuh) hari, pemberian pelayanan dasar, serta penerbitan surat rekomendasi sebagai dasar administratif pengurusan akta kelahiran ke Disdukcapil. Kedua, faktor penghambat meliputi tiga aspek, yaitu aspek substantif anak (ketidakjelasan identitas dan tidak adanya dokumen dasar), aspek administratif (prosedur verifikasi dan pendaftaran Kartu Keluarga panti), serta aspek koordinatif-struktural (keterlibatan lintas instansi yang memengaruhi kecepatan pelayanan). Ketiga, upaya yang dilakukan Dinas Sosial meliputi penelusuran aktif identitas anak, pemberian surat rekomendasi, koordinasi lintas instansi dengan Disdukcapil, serta perencanaan sistem pendataan terpadu anak terlantar. Meskipun pelayanan telah berjalan secara fungsional, efektivitasnya belum sepenuhnya optimal karena jumlah anak terlantar yang belum memiliki akta kelahiran belum menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan.

The right to identity is a fundamental right of every child that must be fulfilled by the state, including for abandoned children. Based on data from the Pekanbaru City Social Service, out of 90 abandoned children from 2022 to August 2025, 75 of them did not yet have a birth certificate. This condition indicates that there are still problems in fulfilling the identity rights of abandoned children in Pekanbaru City. This study aims to determine the role of the Pekanbaru City Social Service in fulfilling the right to identity of abandoned children, the inhibiting factors faced, and the efforts made to overcome these obstacles based on Regional Regulation of Pekanbaru City Number 2 of 2023 concerning the Protection of Women and Children. his study uses a juridical sociological (juridical empirical) method with a qualitative approach. The research was conducted at the Pekanbaru City Social Service Office. Data were collected through observation and interviews with the Head of Social Rehabilitation and Child Protection of the Pekanbaru City Social Service, the Head of Civil Registration Services of the Pekanbaru City Population and Civil Registration Office, and the administrators of Mufariddun Orphanage in Pekanbaru. Data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively using primary and secondary data. The results of the study show that: First, the Pekanbaru City Social Service has carried out its role through field outreach, data collection and tracing of children's origins, temporary shelter for 7 (seven) days, provision of basic services, and issuance of recommendation letters as an administrative basis for processing birth certificates at the Population and Civil Registration Office. Second, the inhibiting factors include three aspects, namely the substantive aspect of the child (unclear identity and absence of basic documents), the administrative aspect (verification procedures and registration of the orphanage's family card), and the coordinative-structural aspect (cross-agency involvement affecting service speed). Third, the efforts made by the Social Service include active tracing of children's identities, issuance of recommendation letters, cross-agency coordination with the Population and Civil Registration Office, and planning of an integrated data collection system for abandoned children. Although services have been running functionally, their effectiveness has not been fully optimal as the number of abandoned children without birth certificates has not shown a significant decline.