PROBLEMATIKA PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PENJUAL BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK ECERAN BERSUBSIDI DI WILAYAH HUKUM KEPOLISIAN RESOR INDRAGIRI HULU

Abstrak

Fenomena penjualan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) bersubsidi secara eceran di Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara ketentuan hukum yang berlaku dengan realitas sosial masyarakat. Meskipun Pasal 55 Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2001 tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi serta Peraturan Presiden Nomor 191 Tahun 2014 telah melarang praktik tersebut, penjual BBM eceran bersubsidi tetap marak ditemui, terutama di kalangan masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah. Kondisi ini menimbulkan dilema bagi aparat penegak hukum antara menjalankan ketentuan hukum secara tegas atau mempertimbangkan faktor sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis sosiologis dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan aparat Kepolisian Resor Indragiri Hulu serta penjual BBM eceran bersubsidi, observasi lapangan, dan studi kepustakaan. Populasi penelitian meliputi aparat kepolisian, masyarakat, serta penjual BBM eceran bersubsidi, dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum terhadap penjual BBM eceran bersubsidi belum dilaksanakan secara optimal. Faktor penghambat antara lain kondisi ekonomi masyarakat, rendahnya pengetahuan hukum penjual, keterbatasan jumlah personel dan sarana pendukung, serta sikap toleransi aparat penegak hukum terhadap pelaku dengan alasan kemanusiaan. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh yaitu, aparat Kepolisian Resor Indragiri Hulu perlu meningkatkan penegakan hukum yang lebih tegas dan berimbang dengan upaya sosialisasi regulasi, peningkatan pengawasan distribusi BBM, dan pemberian solusi alternatif bagi masyarakat agar tujuan hukum berupa kepastian, kemanfaatan, dan keadilan dapat terwujud.

The phenomenon of subsidized fuel (BBM) being sold at retail in Indragiri Hulu Regency reveals a gap between the prevailing legal provisions and the social reality of the community. Although Article 55 of Law Number 22 of 2001 on Oil and Gas and Presidential Regulation Number 191 of 2014 have prohibited such practices, retail sales of subsidized BBM remain widespread, especially among low-income groups. This situation creates a dilemma for law enforcement officers between strictly enforcing the law or considering the community’s socioeconomic factors. This research uses a sociological juridical method with a descriptive approach. Data were obtained through interviews with officers of the Indragiri Hulu Resort Police and subsidized BBM retailers, field observations, and library research. The study population includes police officers, community members, and subsidized BBM retailers, with samples taken using purposive sampling. The results show that law enforcement against subsidized BBM retailers has not been optimally implemented. The inhibiting factors include the community’s economic conditions, low legal knowledge among retailers, limited personnel and supporting facilities, and the tolerance of law enforcement officers toward offenders on humanitarian grounds. The study concludes that the Indragiri Hulu Resort Police need to improve law enforcement more firmly and proportionally through regulatory dissemination, enhanced supervision of BBM distribution, and the provision of alternative solutions for the community so that the objectives of law — legal certainty, usefulness, and justice — can be achieved.