PELAKSANAAN MEDIASI YANG DILAKUKAN MEDIATOR DALAM PERKARA CERAI TALAK DI PENGADILAN AGAMA PANGKALAN KERINCI

Abstrak

Mediasi merupakan tahapan prosedural yang wajib ditempuh dalam penyelesaian perkara perdata di pengadilan, termasuk perkara cerai talak, sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 tentang Prosedur Mediasi di Pengadilan. Pelaksanaan mediasi bertujuan memberikan kesempatan kepada para pihak untuk menyelesaikan sengketa secara damai sebelum perkara diputus oleh hakim. Dalam praktiknya, tingkat keberhasilan mediasi dalam perkara perceraian masih relatif rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pelaksanaan mediasi dalam perkara cerai talak di Pengadilan Agama Pangkalan Kerinci, (2) faktor pendukung serta faktor penghambat keberhasilan mediasi dalam perkara tersebut dan (3) Untuk mengetahui efektivitas peran mediator dalam upaya mencapai kesepakatan damai pada perkara cerai talak di Pengadilan Agama Pangkalan Kerinci. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum sosiologis dengan sifat deskriptif, yaitu menggambarkan fakta empiris di lapangan terkait pelaksanaan mediasi. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan hakim mediator, pihak berperkara cerai talak, serta aparatur pengadilan, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan metode berpikir deduktif, yaitu menarik kesimpulan dari fakta-fakta umum menuju kesimpulan yang bersifat khusus. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan mediasi dalam perkara cerai talak di Pengadilan Agama Pangkalan Kerinci pada prinsipnya telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2016, namun belum berjalan secara efektif. Keberhasilan dan kegagalan mediasi dipengaruhi oleh faktor mediator, faktor para pihak, dan faktor kelembagaan, di mana konflik rumah tangga yang berat, kondisi emosional para pihak, serta kurangnya itikad baik menjadi faktor dominan kegagalan mediasi. Berdasarkan analisis menggunakan teori peran (role theory), efektivitas peran mediator sangat ditentukan oleh kesesuaian peran antara mediator, para pihak, dan lembaga pengadilan. Mediasi cenderung berhasil pada perkara dengan konflik ringan dan ketika para pihak menjalankan perannya secara kooperatif, sedangkan pada perkara dengan konflik berat dan berkepanjangan, mediasi tidak efektif meskipun telah dilaksanakan sesuai prosedur hukum.

Mediation is a procedural stage that must be undertaken in the settlement of civil cases in court, including divorce (cerai talak), as regulated in the Supreme Court Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Court. Mediation aims to provide an opportunity for the parties to resolve their dispute peacefully before the case proceeds to the final judgment. However, in practice, the success rate of mediation in divorce cases remains relatively low. This study aims to examine: (1) the implementation of mediation in divorce by talaq cases at the Pangkalan Kerinci Religious Court, (2) the supporting and inhibiting factors affecting the success of mediation in such cases, and (3) the effectiveness of the mediator’s role in achieving amicable settlements in divorce by talaq cases at the Pangkalan Kerinci Religious Court. This research employs a sociological legal research method with a descriptive nature, focusing on describing empirical facts in the field related to the implementation of mediation. Primary data were obtained through interviews with judge mediators, parties involved in divorce by talaq cases, and court officials, while secondary data were collected through library research. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively using a deductive reasoning method, drawing conclusions from general facts to more specific findings. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of mediation in divorce by talaq cases at the Pangkalan Kerinci Religious Court has generally been carried out in accordance with Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016; however, it has not been fully effective. The success and failure of mediation are influenced by mediator-related factors, party-related factors, and institutional factors, where severe marital conflicts, emotional conditions of the parties, and a lack of good faith are the dominant factors contributing to mediation failure. Based on an analysis using role theory, the effectiveness of the mediator’s role is largely determined by the alignment of roles among the mediator, the parties, and the court institution. Mediation tends to be successful in cases involving minor conflicts and when the parties perform their roles cooperatively, whereas in cases involving severe and prolonged conflicts, mediation is ineffective despite being conducted in accordance with legal procedures.