HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN DAN STATUS PARITAS DENGAN KEJADIAN KURANG ENERGI KRONIS PADA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LOJEJER

Abstrak

Kurang Energi Kronis (KEK) merupakan permasalahan gizi pada ibu hamil yang dapat memengaruhi kesehatan ibu dan perkembangan janin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan dan status paritas dengan kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 98 ibu hamil trimester II di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Lojejer. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 79 orang yang diperoleh melalui teknik cluster random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi kuesioner Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), formulir status paritas, dan pita LILA. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki pola makan cukup dan status paritas berisiko. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola makan dengan kejadian KEK (p = 0,003, OR = 3,4) dan antara status paritas dengan kejadian KEK (p = 0,017,OR=9,9). Maka disimpukan pola makan kurang dan paritas tinggi dapat mempengaruhi kurang energy kronis di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lojejer, Kabupaten Jember.

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) is a nutritional problem in pregnant women that can affect maternal health and fetal development. This study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and parity status with the incidence of CED in pregnant women. The study design was descriptive analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 98 second-trimester pregnant women in the working area of Lojejer Public Health Center. A total of 79 respondents were selected using cluster random sampling. Instruments used in this study included the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), parity status form, and MUAC tape. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most respondents had moderate dietary patterns and were in the high-risk parity category. There was a significant relationship between dietary patterns and the incidence of CED (p = 0.003; OR=3,4) and between parity status and the incidence of CED (p = 0.017; OR= 9,9). The conclusion of this study indicates that pregnant women with poor dietary patterns and high parity have a greater risk of experiencing CED. This study recommends that nurses play an active role in providing nutrition education and monitoring pregnancy history to prevent CED.