PENGARUH SUHU DAN RASIO MASSA TERHADA EFISIENSI ADSORPSI LOGAM BERAT Fe DAN Pb MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN SERBUK BATANG KELAPA (COCOS NUCIFERA L)

Abstrak

Laboratory wastewater containing heavy metals Fe and Pb has the potential to pollute the aquatic environment if it is discharged without prior treatment. This study aims to analyze the effect of temperature and adsorbent mass ratio variation on the adsorption efficiency of Pb and Fe using coconut trunk powder (Cocos nucifera L) as the adsorbent. The adsorption process was carried out in batch mode with adsorbent mass ratio varied from 1.0 to 2.5 grams per 50 mL of wastewater and temperature varied from 30 to 70°C, after which the residual metal concentration was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that the initial concentrations of Pb at 3.426 ppm and Fe at 2.5894 ppm were significantly reduced after the adsorption process. In the mass ratio variation, the Pb concentration continued to decrease as the adsorbent mass increased and reached its lowest value of 0.0001 ppm at 2.0 and 2.5 grams, while the Fe concentration reached its lowest point of 0.0314 ppm at 1.0 gram before rising again at higher adsorbent masses due to desorption. In the temperature variation, the best Pb removal was obtained at 40°C with a residual concentration of 0.0366 ppm, while the best Fe removal was obtained at 30°C with a residual concentration of 0.0314 ppm, and both decreased sharply at higher temperatures because the adsorption process is exothermic in nature. An adsorbent mass of 1.0 gram per 50 mL of wastewater was established as the optimum condition since it already met the applicable wastewater quality standard while using the least amount of adsorbent material. This study demonstrates that coconut trunk powder has strong potential as a low cost and environmentally friendly alternative adsorbent for reducing Fe and Pb heavy metal content in laboratory wastewater