IMPLEMENTASI KOMPRES HANGAT PADA PASIEN TYPHOID DENGAN GEJALA HIPERTERMIA DI RS TK.III BALADHIKA HUSADA JEMBER

Abstrak

Typhoid merupakan infeksi saluran pencernaan yang disebabkan oleh Salmonella typhi dan ditandai dengan demam berkepanjangan. Salah satu gejala yang umum ditemukan adalah hipertermia, yang terjadi akibat respons inflamasi tubuh terhadap infeksi. Penatalaksanaan hipertermia dapat dilakukan melalui intervensi non-farmakologis seperti kompres hangat, yang dinilai aman dan efektif dalam membantu penurunan suhu tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi kompres hangat pada pasien typhoid dengan gejala hipertermia di RS TK.III Baladhika Husada Jember. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus deskriptif dengan satu subjek pasien dewasa yang mengalami hipertermia akibat typhoid. Intervensi berupa pemberian kompres hangat di area aksila dan dahi dilakukan selama 15 menit, satu kali per hari, selama tiga hari berturut-turut sejak tanggal 05 Juni 2025 hingga 07 Juni 2025. Waktu pelaksanaan disesuaikan dengan masa puncak kerja antipiretik, yaitu 6 jam setelah konsumsi antipiretik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan suhu tubuh secara bertahap dengan rata-rata penurunan sebesar 0,6°C selama tiga hari, disertai peningkatan kenyamanan pasien, penurunan rasa gelisah dan lemas. Temuan ini memperkuat teori bahwa kompres hangat merangsang vasodilatasi dan meningkatkan evaporasi sehingga membantu pelepasan panas tubuh. Kesimpulannya, kompres hangat merupakan intervensi keperawatan yang efektif dan aman dalam penanganan hipertermia pada pasien typhoid.

Typhoid is a gastrointestinal infection caused by Salmonella typhi and is characterized by prolonged fever. One of the main symptoms that frequently appears is hyperthermia, which occurs as a result of the body's inflammatory response to infection, triggering an increase in body temperature. Non-pharmacological interventions such as warm compresses are considered effective in helping to reduce body temperature in patients. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of warm compresses in typhoid patients with hyperthermia at RS TK.III Baladhika Husada Jember. The research employed a descriptive case study method involving an adult patient who experienced hyperthermia due to typhoid. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and physical examinations over a period of three consecutive days. The intervention consisted of applying warm compresses to the axillary and forehead areas for 15 minutes once a day, taking into account the peak working time of antipyretics, which was six hours after consumption. The results showed that after the application of warm compresses, the patient’s body temperature decreased gradually over three days with an average reduction of 0.6°C. In addition, there was an improvement in general condition, including increased comfort and decreased restlessness and fatigue. These findings support the mechanism by which warm compresses stimulate vasodilation and enhance evaporation, thereby facilitating heat release. The results are consistent with the theory of thermoregulation and support the use of warm compresses as an effective and safe adjunct therapy to pharmacological treatment for typhoid patients experiencing hyperthermia.