HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN SIKAP PERAWAT TENTANG HEALTHCARE ASSOCIATED INFECTION ( HAIs) DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM IBNU SINA BUKITTINGI TAHUN 2025

Abstrak

Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) masih menjadi tantangan serius di rumah sakit karena dapat meningkatkan angka kesakitan, kematian, serta beban biaya perawatan. Data di Rumah Sakit Islam Ibnu Sina Bukittinggi menunjukkan adanya kejadian HAIs yang melebihi standar nasional, termasuk phlebitis dan infeksi daerah operasi. Selain itu, hasil wawancara terhadap perawat menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar perawat mengalami kesulitan dalam menerapkan seluruh standar pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi karena kendala teknis saat pemberian asuhan keperawatan, sehingga beberapa prosedur dianggap kurang prioritas dan sering diabaikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik responden, tingkat pengetahuan, dan sikap perawat tentang HAIs, serta menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap perawat di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Islam Ibnu Sina Bukittinggi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel berjumlah 100 perawat yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden berusia 26–35 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan, berpendidikan D3 Keperawatan, dan memiliki masa kerja 11–15 tahun. Sebagian besar perawat memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik tentang HAIs (74%) dan sikap yang baik (50%). Namun, analisis Chi-Square menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan sikap (p = 1,000; p > 0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitin ini adalah perawat di RSI Ibnu Sina Bukittinggi memiliki pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik terhadap HAIs, namun pengetahuan tidak berkorelasi signifikan dengan sikap. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sikap tidak hanya dibentuk oleh pengetahuan, tetapi juga oleh faktor lain seperti beban kerja, budaya organisasi, motivasi, dan dukungan lingkungan kerja.

Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) remain a significant challenge in hospitals as they increase morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Data from Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Bukittinggi indicate that the incidence of HAIs, including phlebitis and surgical site infections, exceeds national standards. Interviews with nurses revealed that most of them faced difficulties in fully implementing infection prevention and control standards due to technical constraints in nursing care. As a result, some procedures are perceived as less important and are frequently neglected. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of respondents, the level of knowledge and attitudes of nurses toward HAIs, and to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitudes among nurses in the inpatient unit of Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Bukittinggi. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 100 nurses selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods with the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most respondents were aged 26–35 years, female, held a Diploma in Nursing (D3), and had 11–15 years of work experience. The majority demonstrated good knowledge (74%) and positive attitudes (50%) toward HAIs. However, Chi-Square analysis revealed no significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes (p = 1.000; p > 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that nurses at Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Bukittinggi have good knowledge and attitudes toward HAIs; however, knowledge is not significantly correlated with attitudes. This indicates that attitudes are shaped not only by knowledge but also by other factors such as workload, organizational culture, motivation, and workplace support.