KONSEP TEORI MODEL KEPERAWATAN PATRICIA BENNER : EXCELLENCE AND POWER IN CLINICAL NURSING PRACTICE

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Kompetensi perawat berkembang melalui pengalaman klinis, refleksi praktik, dan pembelajaran situasional. Teori Patricia Benner “From Novice to Expert” menjelaskan lima tahap perkembangan keahlian perawat, yang relevan dalam praktik keperawatan kompleks, termasuk penanganan Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan penerapan teori Patricia Benner pada asuhan keperawatan pasien anak dengan DBD derajat II di RSUD Brebes. Metode: Studi deskriptif kasus menggunakan pendekatan proses keperawatan, meliputi pengkajian, diagnosa, perencanaan, implementasi, dan evaluasi, dikaitkan dengan tahapan kompetensi menurut Benner. Hasil: Pengkajian dilakukan pada tahap Competent, diagnosa pada tahap Proficient, intervensi pada tahap competent - proficient, implementasi pada tahap novice - expert, evaluasi pada tahap Proficient, dan supervisi/kolaborasi pada tahap Expert. Pendekatan holistik mencakup manajemen cairan, kontrol demam, pemenuhan nutrisi, dan dukungan psikososial, yang terbukti memperbaiki kondisi pasien dan menurunkan kecemasan keluarga. Kesimpulan: Penerapan teori Patricia Benner menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi perawat berkembang bertahap sesuai pengalaman dan kompleksitas tindakan. Pendekatan holistik dan berbasis pengalaman efektif meningkatkan kualitas asuhan keperawatan anak dengan DBD.

Nurses' competency develops through clinical experience, reflection on practice, and situational learning. Patricia Benner's theory "From Novice to Expert" describes five stages of nursing expertise development, relevant to complex nursing practice, including the management of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Objective: To describe the application of Patricia Benner's theory to the nursing care of pediatric patients with grade II DHF at Brebes Regional General Hospital. Method: A descriptive case study using a nursing process approach, including assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation, linked to Benner's competency stages.Results: Assessment was conducted at the Competent stage, diagnosis at the Proficient stage, intervention at the Competent-Proficient stage, implementation at the Novice-Expert stage, evaluation at the Proficient stage, and supervision/collaboration at the Expert stage. The holistic approach encompassed fluid management, fever control, nutritional support, and psychosocial support, which have been shown to improve patient condition and reduce family anxiety. Conclusion: The application of Patricia Benner's theory demonstrates that nurse competency develops gradually based on experience and the complexity of the intervention. A holistic, experience-based approach effectively improves the quality of nursing care for children with DHF.