GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, PRAKTIK DAN KESIAPSIAGAAN MASYARAKAT MENGHADAPI BANJIR ROB DI KAWASAN PESISIR KOMPLEK PJKA KECAMATAN BELAWAN

Abstrak

Banjir rob merupakan bencana yang kerap terjadi di wilayah pesisir dan menimbulkan dampak yang luas terhadap kesehatan, kondisi sosial, serta aktivitas ekonomi masyarakat. Kecamatan Medan Belawan, khususnya Kawasan Pesisir Komplek PJKA, termasuk daerah dengan frekuensi banjir rob yang tinggi dan genangan yang berulang. Kondisi ini menuntut adanya kesiapsiagaan masyarakat yang memadai agar dampak bencana dapat diminimalkan. Pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik masyarakat menjadi komponen penting dalam membentuk kesiapsiagaan menghadapi banjir rob. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tahun 2025 di Kawasan Pesisir Komplek PJKA, Kecamatan Medan Belawan. Seluruh populasi yang berjumlah 50 orang dijadikan responden melalui teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur yang mengukur pengetahuan, sikap, praktik, dan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat. Data dianalisis secara univariat untuk menggambarkan distribusi setiap variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang baik mengenai banjir rob dan dampaknya. Sikap masyarakat terhadap kesiapsiagaan cenderung positif, terutama terkait keselamatan keluarga dan upaya antisipasi. Namun demikian, praktik dan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat masih berada pada kategori cukup, terutama dalam hal kesiapan perlengkapan darurat dan pemahaman teknis mengenai lokasi titik evakuasi. Masyarakat di Kawasan Pesisir Komplek PJKA telah memiliki pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik dalam menghadapi banjir rob, namun praktik kesiapsiagaan masih perlu diperkuat melalui edukasi kebencanaan berkelanjutan dan pelatihan kesiapsiagaan berbasis masyarakat.

Tidal flooding is a recurrent disaster in coastal areas and has significant impacts on public health, social conditions, and economic activities. Medan Belawan District, particularly the PJKA Coastal Area, experiences frequent tidal flooding with repeated inundation. This situation highlights the need for adequate community preparedness to reduce disaster-related risks. Community knowledge, attitudes, and practices are essential components in shaping preparedness for tidal flooding. This study employed a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted in 2025 in the PJKA Coastal Area, Medan Belawan District. A total of 50 respondents were included using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes, practices, and preparedness related to tidal flooding. Univariate analysis was used to describe the distribution of each variable. The findings indicated that most respondents had good knowledge regarding tidal flooding and its impacts. Community attitudes toward preparedness were generally positive, particularly concerning family safety and anticipatory measures. However, preparedness practices were categorized as moderate, mainly due to inconsistencies in emergency supply readiness and limited awareness of evacuation points. The community in the PJKA Coastal Area demonstrates good knowledge and positive attitudes toward tidal flooding. Nevertheless, preparedness practices still require strengthening through continuous disaster education and community-based preparedness training to reduce health risks and socio-economic losses.