GAMBARAN SKALA NYERI POSTSECTIO CAESAREADENGAN SPINALANESTESI SETELAH PEMBERIAN KETOROLACDI RUMAH SAKIT EMANUEL BANJAR NEGARA

Abstrak

Operasi Sectio Caesarea (SC) merupakan salah satu tindakan bedah yang terus meningkat dan umumnya menimbulkan nyeri pascaoperasi sehingga memerlukan penatalaksanaan analgesi yang efektif. Ketorolac sebagai analgesik golongan nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) banyak digunakan untuk mengendalikan nyeri pasca SC, namun gambaran tingkat nyeri setelah pemberiannya masih perlu dievaluasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan skala nyeri pasien post Sectio Caesarea dengan spinal anestesi setelah pemberian ketorolac di Rumah Sakit Emanuel Banjarnegara berdasarkan usia, riwayat operasi SC sebelumnya, dan penyakit penyerta. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sebanyak 53 responden dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pada 2 jam dan 6 jam setelah pemberian ketorolac, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden berusia 25–44 tahun, menjalani operasi SC pertama, dan tidak memiliki penyakit penyerta. Skala nyeri cenderung meningkat pada pengukuran 6 jam dibandingkan 2 jam pascaoperasi, terutama pada kelompok usia 15–24 tahun, pasien dengan operasi SC pertama, dan pasien dengan penyakit penyerta. Disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik pasien berhubungan dengan variasi gambaran nyeri setelah pemberian ketorolac. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar bagi tenaga kesehatan untuk melakukan pemantauan nyeri yang lebih optimal dan menyusun strategi manajemen nyeri pascaoperasi sesuai karakteristik pasien.

Cesarean section (CS) is a surgical procedure with an increasing incidence rate; it generally causes postoperative pain, thereby necessitating effective analgesic management. Ketorolac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is widely used to manage post-CS pain; however, the pain levels observed following its administration require further evaluation. This study aimed to describe the pain scale of post-CS patients—who underwent spinal anesthesia and received ketorolac—at Emanuel Hospital Banjarnegara, based on age, history of prior CS, and comorbidities. A descriptive-observational quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. A total of 53 respondents were selected using consecutive sampling. Data were collected through observation and interviews using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at 2 and 6 hours post-ketorolac administration and subsequently analyzed using univariate analysis. The results showed that the majority of respondents were aged 25–44 years, were undergoing their first CS, and had no comorbidities. Pain scores tended to increase at the 6-hour measurement compared to the 2-hour mark, particularly among the 15–24 age group, patients undergoing their first CS, and patients with comorbidities. It is concluded that patient characteristics are associated with variations in pain levels following ketorolac administration. These findings can serve as a basis for healthcare professionals to optimize pain monitoring and develop postoperative pain management strategies tailored to patient characteristics.