ANALISIS KEAMANAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN PENGGUNA TERHADAP ANCAMAN UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS

Abstrak

Sistem manajemen pengguna memiliki peran strategis dalam menjaga keamanan sistem informasi karena berkaitan langsung dengan pengelolaan identitas, autentikasi, otorisasi, serta pengendalian akses terhadap sumber daya sistem. Seiring meningkatnya ketergantungan organisasi terhadap sistem informasi berbasis jaringan, risiko ancaman keamanan turut mengalami peningkatan, salah satunya berupa unauthorized access atau akses tidak sah. Ancaman unauthorized access umumnya dipicu oleh lemahnya kebijakan keamanan, seperti penggunaan kata sandi yang tidak kuat, ketiadaan autentikasi berlapis, pengelolaan hak akses yang tidak sesuai, serta minimnya pemantauan aktivitas pengguna. Kondisi tersebut berpotensi menimbulkan kebocoran data, mengganggu integritas informasi, serta menurunkan ketersediaan layanan sistem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat keamanan sistem manajemen pengguna dalam menghadapi ancaman unauthorized access serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor utama penyebab kerentanan. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan evaluatif terhadap mekanisme autentikasi, otorisasi, kebijakan keamanan, serta sistem logging dan monitoring. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengacu pada standar keamanan sistem informasi, praktik terbaik, dan studi kasus insiden akses tidak sah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang tidak menerapkan kebijakan kata sandi yang kuat, autentikasi berlapis, serta prinsip least privilege memiliki risiko unauthorized access yang lebih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, penerapan keamanan berlapis dan peningkatan kesadaran pengguna direkomendasikan sebagai upaya memperkuat ketahanan sistem informasi.

User management systems play a strategic role in maintaining information system security, as they are directly related to identity management, authentication, authorization, and access control to system resources. As organizations increasingly depend on network-based information systems, the risk of security threats also continues to rise, one of the most prevalent being unauthorized access.

Unauthorized access threats are generally triggered by weak security policies, such as the use of weak passwords, the absence of multi-factor authentication, improper access rights management, and insufficient monitoring of user activities. These conditions may lead to data breaches, compromise information integrity, and reduce system service availability. This study aims to analyze the security level of user management systems in addressing unauthorized access threats and to identify the main factors contributing to system vulnerabilities. The research employs a descriptive-analytical method with an evaluative approach to authentication mechanisms, authorization processes, security policies, as well as logging and monitoring systems. The analysis is conducted by referring to information system security standards, best practices, and case studies of unauthorized access incidents. The results indicate that systems that do not implement strong password policies, multi-factor authentication, and the principle of least privilege are at a higher risk of unauthorized access. Therefore, the implementation of layered security measures and increased user awareness are recommended to enhance the resilience of information systems.