MANIFESTASI INFERIORITY FEELING DALAM PUISI BITHAQAH HUWIYYAH KARYA MAHMOUD DARWISH (ANALISIS TEORI ALFRED ADLER)

Abstrak

this study aims to analyze the manifestation of inferiority feeling in the poem Bithaqah Huwiyyah (Identity Card) by Mahmoud Darwish using Alfred Adler’s individual psychology theory. The poem was chosen because it reflect the psychological struggles of the palestianian people under colonial oppression while expressing resistance through the affirmation of identity. This research employed a qualitative approach with textual analysis. The primary data consisted of the original Arabic text of Bithaqah Huwiyyah, while the supporting data were obtained from books, scientific journals, and other relevant literature on literary psychology and Adler’s theory. Data were collected using reading and note-taking techniques and analyzed through the interactive model of miles and huberman, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal two main psychological manifestations. First, inferiority feeling is reflected through social marginalization, poverty, loss of land, and identity oppression experienced by the narrator. Second, these feelings encourage menchanisms of compensation and striving for superiority, expressed through repeated assertions of Arab identity, pride in historical roots, refusal to submit to oppression, and resistance against injustice. The study concludes that the narrator’s resistance is not merely a political expression but also a constructive psychological response to overcome feelings of inferiority and affirm personal and collective dignity.