PETA KERAWANAN TENAGA KERJA ASING SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN OPTIMALISASI INTELIJEN KEIMIGRASIAN

Abstrak

Arus masuk tenaga kerja asing (TKA) ke Indonesia memberikan manfaat ekonomi, namun sekaligus menimbulkan potensi pelanggaran hukum keimigrasian. Ketiadaan peta kerawanan TKA sebagai instrumen intelijen menyebabkan lemahnya deteksi dini, terbatasnya pengawasan preventif, dan berkurangnya legitimasi penegakan hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsekuensi hukum tidak adanya peta kerawanan TKA bagi fungsi intelijen keimigrasian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa absennya peta kerawanan menimbulkan kekosongan norma, menghambat selective policy, dan berpotensi melanggar prinsip kepastian hukum serta perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Bentuk ideal peta kerawanan adalah instrumen digital berbasis data terintegrasi, divisualisasikan melalui Sistem Informasi Geografis, diperbarui secara berkala, dan dilegitimasi melalui regulasi resmi. Dengan adanya peta kerawanan, fungsi intelijen keimigrasian dapat lebih efektif dalam mendukung pengawasan preventif serta menjaga kedaulatan negara.

The increasing presence of foreign workers in Indonesia provides economic advantages but simultaneously poses challenges to immigration law enforcement. The absence of a vulnerability map as an immigration intelligence instrument has weakened early detection, restricted preventive supervision, and reduced the legitimacy of law enforcement actions. This study aims to examine the legal of the absence of such a map and to formulate the ideal model of a foreign worker vulnerability map as an instrument to optimize immigration intelligence functions. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Findings indicate that the absence of a vulnerability map creates a legal vacuum, weakens the implementation of the selective immigration policy, and raises the risk of violating principles of legal certainty and human rights protection. The ideal vulnerability map should be developed as a digital and regularly updated intelligence product based on integrated cross-sector data, visualized through Geographic Information Systems, and legitimized by formal regulation. Such an instrument will enable immigration intelligence to operate more effectively in preventive supervision and contribute to safeguarding national sovereignty.