ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PENEGAKAN HUKUM ILLEGAL FISHING DI ZONA EKONOMI EKSKLUSIF INDONESIA BERDASARKAN UNCLOS 1982

Abstrak

Maraknya praktik illegal fishing di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE) Indonesia menunjukkan adanya tantangan serius dalam pelaksanaan penegakan hukum di wilayah laut nasional. Kegiatan penangkapan ikan tanpa izin tidak hanya berdampak pada kerugian ekonomi negara, tetapi juga berpotensi merusak keseimbangan ekosistem laut serta mengurangi efektivitas kontrol negara terhadap wilayah yurisdiksinya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah secara yuridis bagaimana mekanisme penegakan hukum terhadap illegal fishing di ZEE Indonesia dengan mengacu pada ketentuan United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 serta regulasi nasional yang berlaku.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Data diperoleh dari berbagai bahan hukum yang kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang komprehensif.Dengan demikian, diperlukan langkah strategis berupa penguatan kerja sama kelembagaan, peningkatan sistem pengawasan, serta penyesuaian regulasi guna mendukung efektivitas penegakan hukum terhadap illegal fishing di ZEE Indonesia.

The persistence of illegal fishing within Indonesia’s Exclusive Economic Zone reflects ongoing challenges in the enforcement of maritime law. Such activities not only result in substantial economic losses but also pose serious threats to marine ecosystems and undermine the state’s authority over its maritime jurisdiction. This study aims to examine the legal framework governing the enforcement of laws against illegal fishing in Indonesia’s, with particular reference to the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 and relevant national regulations.This research employs a normative juridical method, utilizing both statutory and conceptual approaches. Legal materials, including primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, are analyzed qualitatively to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issue.In conclusion, strengthening inter-agency coordination, enhancing monitoring capabilities, and refining regulatory frameworks are essential steps to improve the effectiveness of law enforcement against illegal fishing in Indonesia’s ZEE.