TINJAUAN EFISIENSI JARINGAN IRIGASI TALLUNG URA KEC. CURIO KAB. ENREKANG

Abstrak

Ketersediaan ar pada Daerah Irigasi Tallung Ura mengalami penurunan terutama pada musim kemarau, sementara kebutuhan ar untuk mengari lahan pertanian seluas 1.100 ha terus meningkat. Kondisi ini menyebabkan terjadinya ketidakseimbangan antara ketersediaan dan kebutuhan ar, sehingga diperlukan evaluasi terhadap efisiensi pengaliran serta besarnya kehilangan ar pada jaringan irigasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kehilangan ar pada setiap ruas saluran primer serta menentukan efisiensi pengaliran pada Jaringan Irigasi Tallung Ura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei lapangan. Data diperoleh melalui pengukuran langsung dimensi saluran, pengukuran kecepatan aliran menggunakan current meter, serta perhitungan debit aliran pada titik inflow dan outflow di setiap ruas saluran primer. Kehilangan ar dihitung menggunakan metode inflow–outflow, sedangkan efisiensi pengaliran ditentukan berdasarkan perbandingan antara debit keluar dan debit masuk pada masing-masing ruas saluran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase kehilangan ar pada Jaringan Irigasi Tallung Ura berkisar antara 4, 30% hingga 37, 50%, dengan nila rata-rata sebesar 13, 87%. Nila efisiensi pengaliran rata-rata sebesar 86, 13%, yang belum memenuhi standar efisiensi saluran utama sesua kriteria perencanaan irigasi, yatu ≥90%. Kehilangan ar terendah terjadi pada ruas 8, sedangkan kehilangan tertinggi terjadi pada ruas 9. Tingginya kehilangan ar disebabkan oleh rembesan, infiltrasi, evaporasi, serta kondisi fisik saluran dan bangunan pelengkap yang mengalami kerusakan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja Jaringan Irigasi Tallung Ura belum beroperasi secara optimal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan rehabilitasi pada ruas saluran yang mengalami kerusakan, peningkatan kegiatan operasi dan pemeliharaan, serta evaluasi secara berkala guna meningkatkan keandalan distribusi ar, khususnya pada musim kemarau.

Water avalability in the Tallung Ura Irrigation Area has decreased, particularly during the dry season, while water demand for irrigating 1,100 hectares of agricultural land continues to increase. This condition causes an imbalance between water avalability and demand, making it necessary to evaluate conveyance efficiency and the magnitude of water loss within the irrigation network. This study ams to analyze the level of water loss in each primary canal segment and to determine the conveyance efficiency of the Tallung Ura Irrigation Network. The research employed a quantitative method with a field survey approach. Data were obtaned through direct measurement of canal dimensions, flow velocity measurement using a current meter, and discharge calculation at inflow and outflow points in each primary canal segment. Water loss was calculated using the inflow–outflow method, while conveyance efficiency was determined based on the ratio of outflow discharge to inflow discharge for each canal segment. The results show that water loss in the Tallung Ura Irrigation Network ranges from 4.30% to 37.50%, with an average value of 13.87%. The average conveyance efficiency is 86.13%, which does not meet the minimum standard for primary canal efficiency according to irrigation planning criteria, namely ≥90%. The lowest water loss occurred in segment 8, while the highest water loss occurred in segment 9. High water loss is caused by seepage, infiltration, evaporation, and physical damage to the canals and supporting structures. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the performance of the Tallung Ura Irrigation Network has not operated optimally. Therefore, rehabilitation of damaged canal segments, improvement of operation and mantenance activities, and periodic evaluation are required to enhance the reliability of water distribution, particularly during the dry season.