GAMBARAN SIKAP DAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN INFLUENZA PADA REMAJA USIA SEKOLAH

Abstrak

Influenza merupakan penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan akut yang mudah menular dan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat, termasuk pada remaja usia sekolah yang memiliki tingkat interaksi sosial tinggi di lingkungan sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan sikap dan perilaku pencegahan influenza pada remaja usia sekolah setelah pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 33 siswa kelas XII di SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Morawa sebagai responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner tertutup yang terdiri dari 10 pernyataan mengenai sikap dan perilaku pencegahan influenza. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden merasa khawatir tertular influenza apabila teman di kelas batuk atau bersin (93,9%). Namun, masih terdapat responden yang tetap masuk sekolah meskipun mengalami gejala flu (72,7%) dan tidak menggunakan masker saat sakit (63,6%). Terkait pengetahuan awal, sebanyak 54,5% responden menyatakan belum pernah mendengar tentang imunisasi influenza. Meskipun demikian, seluruh responden (100%) menyatakan bersedia melakukan upaya pencegahan influenza dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kesimpulannya, siswa menunjukkan sikap yang cenderung positif terhadap pencegahan influenza, meskipun masih ditemukan perilaku yang belum sepenuhnya mendukung. Kegiatan penyuluhan kesehatan berpotensi mendukung peningkatan kesadaran siswa terhadap pencegahan influenza di lingkungan sekolah.

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease that is easily transmitted and remains a public health problem, including among school-aged adolescents who have high levels of social interaction in school settings. This study aimed to describe attitudes and preventive behaviors toward influenza among school-aged adolescents after a health education intervention. This study employed a descriptive quantitative design involving 33 twelfth-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Morawa as respondents. Data were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire consisting of 10 statements related to attitudes and preventive behaviors toward influenza. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in the form of frequency and percentage distributions. The results showed that most respondents were concerned about contracting influenza when classmates coughed or sneezed (93.9%). However, a considerable proportion of students reported continuing to attend school despite experiencing flu symptoms (72.7%) and not wearing masks when ill (63.6%). Regarding prior knowledge, 54.5% of respondents stated that they had never heard of influenza immunization. Nevertheless, all respondents (100%) expressed willingness to implement influenza prevention measures in their daily lives. In conclusion, students demonstrated generally positive attitudes toward influenza prevention, although some preventive behaviors were not optimally practiced. Health education activities have the potential to support increased awareness of influenza prevention among students in the school environment.