PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL: PERAN PERMINTAAN DAN PENAWARAN DALAM MENENTUKAN NILAI TUKAR

Abstrak

Perekonomian global sangat bergantung pada perdagangan internasional, yang meliputi ekspor dan impor antarnegara. Perdagangan ini berpengaruh besar terhadap pembangunan ekonomi, termasuk produk domestik bruto (PDB). Nilai tukar mata uang menjadi faktor krusial dalam kelancaran perdagangan, dipengaruhi oleh permintaan dan penawaran mata uang. Fluktuasi nilai tukar dapat memengaruhi daya saing produk domestik dan arus investasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif untuk membahas hubungan antara permintaan dan penawaran dalam menentukan nilai tukar, serta dampaknya terhadap perdagangan internasional di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan nilai tukar memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap ekspor, impor, dan neraca perdagangan. Kebijakan moneter dan intervensi pemerintah juga berperan penting dalam menjaga stabilitas nilai tukar, yang esensial bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan daya saing di pasar global.

The global economy is highly dependent on international trade, which includes exports and imports between countries. This trade has a major impact on economic development, including gross domestic product (GDP). The exchange rate is a crucial factor in the smoothness of trade, influenced by the demand and supply of currency. Exchange rate fluctuations can affect the competitiveness of domestic products and investment flows. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method to discuss the relationship between demand and supply in determining the exchange rate, and its impact on international trade in Indonesia. The results show that changes in the exchange rate have a significant impact on exports, imports, and the trade balance. Monetary policy and government intervention also play an important role in maintaining exchange rate stability, which is essential for economic growth and competitiveness in the global market.