PERAN REWARD DAN PUNISHMENT DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR ANAK

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan peran reward dan punishment dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar anak. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dengan guru dan siswa, serta studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian reward, seperti pujian dan hadiah kecil, efektif dalam memperkuat perilaku positif dan mendorong semangat belajar siswa. Sebaliknya, punishment berupa teguran atau konsekuensi edukatif berperan dalam menegakkan disiplin dan mengurangi perilaku negatif. Penerapan keduanya harus dilakukan secara bijaksana agar tidak menimbulkan efek samping seperti ketergantungan pada penghargaan eksternal atau munculnya rasa takut. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya keseimbangan antara reward dan punishment untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran yang sehat dan membangun motivasi intrinsik anak secara berkelanjutan.

This study aims to describe the role of rewards and punishments in increasing children's learning motivation. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected using observation techniques, interviews with teachers and students, and literature studies. The results of the study indicate that giving rewards, such as praise and small gifts, is effective in reinforcing positive behavior and encouraging students' enthusiasm for learning. Conversely, punishment in the form of reprimands or educational consequences plays a role in enforcing discipline and reducing negative behavior. The application of both must be done wisely so as not to cause side effects such as dependence on external rewards or the emergence of fear. This study emphasizes the importance of a balance between rewards and punishments to support a healthy learning process and build children's intrinsic motivation sustainably.