ANALISA GAMBARAN PROFIL HEMATOLOGI RUTIN PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU YANG MENGONSUMSI OBAT ANTI TUBERKULOSIS PARU

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis paru adalah penyakit infeksi kronis yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis dan membutuhkan pengobatan dengan obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) selama minimal enam bulan. Profil hematologi rutin dapat mencerminkan aktivitas penyakit dan respons pengobatan pada pasien TB paru. Tujuan: Menganalisis gambaran profil hematologi rutin pada pasien tuberkulosis paru yang mengonsumsi obat anti tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Merdeka Palembang. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan 35 sampel pasien tuberkulosis paru yang dipilih secara accidental sampling pada periode Maret–April 2025. Pemeriksaan hematologi dilakukan menggunakan alat Sysmex Xp-100 dari sampel darah vena. Hasil: Mayoritas pasien adalah laki-laki (71,43%) dan berusia dewasa (54,29%), dengan 74,29% menjalani fase lanjutan pengobatan. Parameter eritrosit dan limfosit menunjukkan nilai normal masing-masing sebesar 91,43% dan 94,29%. Abnormalitas hematologi signifikan ditemukan pada monosit (54,29%), hematokrit (71,43%), hemoglobin (45,71%), eosinofil (28,57%), neutrofil (22,86%), dan trombosit (28,57%). Perubahan tersebut mencerminkan respon imun dan inflamasi kronis serta kemungkinan efek samping obat. Kesimpulan: Pemantauan profil hematologi rutin sangat penting untuk evaluasi efektivitas pengobatan dan deteksi dini komplikasi hematologis pada pasien tuberkulosis paru yang mengonsumsi OAT.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis requiring at least six months of anti-tuberculosis (AT) therapy. Routine hematological profiles can reflect disease activity and treatment response in pulmonary TB patients. Objective: To analyze the routine hematological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis patients undergoing anti-tuberculosis treatment at Merdeka Health Center, Palembang. Methods: A descriptive observational study involving 35 pulmonary tuberculosis patients selected through accidental sampling during March–April 2025. Venous blood samples were analyzed for routine hematology using the Sysmex Xp-100 analyzer. Results: Most patients were male (71.43%) and adults (54.29%), with 74.29% in the continuation phase of treatment. Normal values were observed in erythrocyte and lymphocyte counts at 91.43% and 94.29%, respectively. Significant hematological abnormalities were found in monocytes (54.29%), hematocrit (71.43%), hemoglobin (45.71%), eosinophils (28.57%), neutrophils (22.86%), and platelets (28.57%). These changes indicate immune response, chronic inflammation, and potential hematologic side effects of the therapy. Conclusion: Routine hematological monitoring is essential for evaluating treatment efficacy and early detection of hematological complications in pulmonary tuberculosis patients receiving anti-tuberculosis therapy.