MISINTERPRETASI KONSEP AVOIDANT PADA GENERASI Z DALAM BUDAYA DIGITAL: SEBUAH SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstrak

Penggunaan istilah psikologis di media sosial semakin meningkat, khususnya di kalangan Generasi Z, termasuk penggunaan istilah avoidant untuk menggambarkan kecenderungan menjaga jarak dalam relasi interpersonal. Perluasan makna populer ini berpotensi mengaburkan batas antara variasi kepribadian normatif dan gangguan kepribadian klinis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan konseptual antara avoidant attachment dan Avoidant Personality Disorder (AvPD), serta mengidentifikasi implikasi klinis dari tren pelabelan diri (self-labeling) dalam budaya digital. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 25 artikel dan sumber teoretis ilmiah yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2011–2025 melalui basis data Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, dan SAGE Journals. Sebagian besar literatur menunjukkan adanya kecenderungan penyamaan perilaku relasional defensif dengan gejala gangguan klinis dalam konten digital populer, padahal perbedaan fundamental keduanya terletak pada tingkat pervasivitas pola penghindaran, keberadaan core belief negatif yang menetap, serta dampak fungsional jangka panjang. Temuan penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa budaya digital dapat memfasilitasi praktik self-labeling dan self-diagnosis pada Generasi Z, yang berisiko memunculkan overpathologisasi perilaku normatif maupun misinterpretasi kondisi klinis. Implikasi klinis yang teridentifikasi meliputi tantangan dalam proses asesmen profesional, risiko internalisasi identitas patologis, dan ketidaktepatan dalam pemilihan intervensi psikologis. Oleh karena itu, klarifikasi konseptual dan penguatan psikoedukasi berbasis evidensi menjadi penting untuk menjaga akurasi diagnosis serta kualitas layanan kesehatan mental di era digital.

The use of psychological terminology on social media has increased significantly, particularly among Generation Z, including the use of the term avoidant to describe tendencies toward emotional distance in interpersonal relationships. This popularization of psychological terms has the potential to blur the distinction between normative personality variations and clinical personality disorders. This study aims to analyze the conceptual differences between avoidant attachment and Avoidant Personality Disorder (AvPD), as well as to identify the clinical implications of self-labeling trends within digital culture. The study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method involving 25 scientific articles and theoretical sources published between 2011 and 2025 from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and SAGE Journals databases. Most of the literature indicated a tendency to equate defensive relational behaviors with symptoms of clinical disorders in popular digital content, despite the fundamental differences between the two constructs in terms of the pervasiveness of avoidance patterns, the presence of persistent negative core beliefs, and long-term functional impairment. The findings also revealed that digital culture may facilitate self-labeling and self-diagnosis practices among Generation Z, potentially leading to the overpathologization of normative behaviors and the misinterpretation of clinical conditions. Identified clinical implications include challenges in professional assessment, the risk of pathological identity internalization, and inaccuracies in determining appropriate psychological interventions. Therefore, conceptual clarification and evidence-based psychoeducation are essential to maintain diagnostic accuracy and the quality of mental health services in the digital era.