PENGARUH PROJECT BASED LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPAS TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DI SD NEGERI 2 NONGAN KARANGASEM

Abstrak

Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) merupakan bagian penting dari pendidikan dasar yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, kreatif, dan kolaboratif siswa. Namun, proses pembelajaran IPAS di sekolah dasar sering kali masih bersifat teoritis dan berpusat pada guru, sehingga siswa kurang aktif dan kesulitan mengaitkan konsep dengan fenomena nyata di sekitarnya. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, diterapkan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) yang menekankan keterlibatan aktif siswa dalam kegiatan berbasis proyek nyata.             Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan hasil belajar IPAS siswa serta mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning terhadap hasil belajar IPAS siswa kelas IV di SD Negeri 2 Nongan, Karangasem. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain pra-eksperimen (one-group pretest–posttest design). Subjek penelitian adalah 18 siswa kelas IV yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes hasil belajar kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro–Wilk dan uji hipotesis Paired Sample t-Test dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai hasil belajar siswa meningkat dari 62,72 pada pretest menjadi 80,77 pada posttest dengan peningkatan sebesar 18,05 poin. Berdasarkan hasil uji Paired Sample t-Test, diperoleh nilai signifikansi (p = 0,000 < 0,05) yang berarti hipotesis nol (H₀) ditolak dan hipotesis alternatif (H₁) diterima. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar IPAS siswa kelas IV di SD Negeri 2 Nongan.

Learning in Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) or Natural and Social Sciences is an essential part of elementary education that aims to develop students’ critical, creative, and collaborative thinking skills. However, IPAS learning in elementary schools is often theoretical and teacher-centered, making students less active and unable to connect concepts with real-life phenomena around them. To address this issue, the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model was implemented, emphasizing students’ active engagement in real project-based activities. The purpose of this study is to describe the science learning outcomes of students and to determine the effect of applying the Project-Based Learning model on the science learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 2 Nongan, Karangasem. This research employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design (one-group pretest–posttest design). The subjects were 18 fourth-grade students selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through learning outcome tests then analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test and the Paired Sample t-Test at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the average score of students’ learning outcomes increased from 62,72 in the pretest to 80,77 in the posttest, with an improvement of 18,05 points. The Paired Sample t-Test result obtained a significance value of (p = 0.000 < 0.05), indicating that the null hypothesis (H₀) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H₁) was accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Project Based Learning model has a significant effect on the IPAS learning outcomes of Grade IV students at SD Negeri 2 Nongan.