FAKTOR PREDISPOSISI YANG MEMENGARUHI PERILAKU KONSUMSI FAST FOOD PADA REMAJA DI SMAN 2 BANJARMASIN

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Fast Food menjadi pilihan populer remaja karena praktis, terjangkau, dan berkesan modern. Namun, konsumsi berlebihan dapat menimbulkan risiko obesitas, diabetes,hingga penyakit jantung. Data WHO (2020) menunjukkan 80% remaja di dunia sering mengonsumsi Fast Food dengan 50% di antaranya sebagai menu sarapan. Di Indonesia, 61,27% masyarakat mengonsumsi makanan/minuman manis setiap hari, sedangkan di Kalimantan Selatan lebih tinggi, yaitu 70,82%. Angka ini mencerminkan pola konsumsi yang berpotensi meningkatkan risiko kesehatan. Faktor predisposisi, seperti pengetahuan dan sikap, diduga memengaruhi perilaku konsumsi Fast Food remaja. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap perilaku konsumsi Fast Food di siswa kelas XI SMAN 2 Banjarmasin.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional sampel sebanyak 83 responden pada kelas XI SMAN 2 Banjarmasin menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif serta uji Chi-Square dilihat dengan nilai A (0,05).Hasil: Sebanyak 40 % responden memiliki pengetahuan “baik”, 38 % “cukup”, dan 22 % “kurang”. Sikap positif dicatat pada 47 %, sedangkan 53 % memiliki sikap negatif. Terkait perilaku konsumsi, 63 % tergolong “sering”, dan 37 % “jarang”. Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku konsumsi (p = 0,379), sedangkan sikap terbukti memiliki pengaruh signifikan (p = 0,000).Simpulan: Pengetahuan tidak memengaruhi perilaku konsumsi Fast Food, tetapi sikap memiliki pengaruh signifikan. Oleh karena itu, intervensi sebaiknya fokus pada membentuk sikap positif serta mempertimbangkan faktor sosial dan lingkungan.

Background: Fast Food is a popular choice among teenagers because it is practical, affordable, and modern. However, excessive consumption can lead to obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. WHO data (2020) shows that 80% of teenagers worldwide frequently consume Fast Food, with 50% of them eating it for breakfast. In Indonesia, 61.27% of the population consumes sweet foods/drinks daily, while in South Kalimantan the figure is higher at 70.82%. These numbers reflect consumption patterns that could potentially increase health risks. Predisposing factors, such as knowledge and attitudes, are thought to influence teenagers' Fast Food consumption behavior.Objective: Understanding the influence of knowledge and attitudes on Fast Food consumption behavior among 11th grade students at SMAN 2 Banjarmasin.Methods This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design and a sample of 83 respondents in grade XI at SMAN 2 Banjarmasin using accidental sampling technique. Data were obtained through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test with a value of A (0.05)Results Forty percent of respondents had “good” knowledge, 38% had ‘fair’ knowledge, and 22% had “poor” knowledge. Positive attitudes were noted in 47% of respondents, while 53% had negative attitudes. Regarding consumption behavior, 63% were classified as “frequent,” and 37% as “infrequent.” The Chi-Square test indicated that knowledge did not significantly influence consumption behavior (p = 0.379), while attitude was found to have a significant influence (p = 0.000).Conclusion: Knowledge does not influence Fast Food consumption behavior, but attitudes have a significant influence. Therefore, interventions should focus on shaping positive attitudes and consider social and environmental factors.