FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN CAKUPAN IMUNISASI DPT-HB-HIB PADA BAYI USIA 12-18 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA BLUD PUSKESMAS SANGKULIRANG

Abstrak

Latar belakang: Cakupan imunisasi DPT-HB-Hib di BLUD Puskesmas Sangkulirang tahun 2024 hanya mencapai 63%, masih di bawah target global 90%. Rendahnya cakupan ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengetahuan, kecemasan ibu, peran bidan, dan kejadian Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi (KIPI). Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan cakupan imunisasi DPT-HB-Hib pada bayi usia 12-18 bulan di wilayah kerja BLUD Puskesmas Sangkulirang. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi adalah ibu dengan bayi usia 12-18 bulan sebanyak 71 orang, dengan sampel 62 responden yang diambil menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi Square dan Uji Fisher’s Exact Test. Hasil: Hubungan pengetahuan ibu (p=0,001), kecemasan ibu (p=0,012), kejadian KIPI (p=0,004) dan peran bidan (p=0,519). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan pengetahuan ibu, kecemasan dan kejadian KIPI dengan cakupan imunisasi DPT-HB-Hib pada bayi usia 12-18 dan tidak ada hubungan peran bidan dengan cakupan imunisasi DPT-HB-Hib pada bayi usia 12-18 di wilayah kerja BLUD Puskesmas Sangkulirang. Diperlukan edukasi komprehensif dan manajemen KIPI yang baik untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat.

Background: The coverage of DPT-HB-Hib immunization at BLUD Sangkulirang Public Health Center in 2024 reached only 63%, which is still below the global target of 90%. This low coverage is presumed to be influenced by factors such as maternal knowledge, maternal anxiety, the role of midwives, and the occurrence of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI). Objective: To determine the factors associated with DPT-HB-Hib immunization coverage among infants aged 12–18 months in the working area of BLUD Sangkulirang Public Health Center. Methods: This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 71 mothers with infants aged 12–18 months, with a sample of 62 respondents selected using stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test and Fisher’s Exact Test. Results: There were significant associations between maternal knowledge (p=0.001), maternal anxiety (p=0.012), and AEFI incidence (p=0.004) with immunization coverage, while the role of midwives was not significantly associated (p=0.519).Conclusion: Maternal knowledge, maternal anxiety, and AEFI incidence are associated with DPT-HB-Hib immunization coverage among infants aged 12–18 months, whereas the role of midwives is not associated. Comprehensive education and proper AEFI management are needed to improve public trust.