PENGARUH PAPARAN GETARAN MESIN GERINDA TERHADAP KELUHAN HAND ARM VIBRATION SYNDROME (HAVS) DI PT MARUKI INTERNATIONAL INDONESIA KOTA MAKASSAR

Abstrak

Sektor industri di Indonesia cukup pesat. Perkembangan industri di Indonesia berhubungan dengan penyakit akibat kerja. Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) merupakan salah satu penyakit akibat kerja yang disebabkan oleh paparan getaran. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang dapat menyebabkan resiko keluhan HAVS, antara lain frekuensi getaran mesin, umur, masa kerja dan lama kerja perhari. Penelitian ini bertujuan Menganalisis pengaruh paparan getaran mesin gerinda terhadap keluhan Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) Pada PT Maruki International Indonesia Kota Makassar. Penelitian menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan pendeketan cross sectional study. Sample penelitian sebanyak 45 orang yang diambil dengan metode proportional stratified random sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan vibration meter dan kuesioner yang telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α = 0,05) Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan regresi logistik diperoleh p-value umur 0,010< α = 0,05 (nilai p-value lebih kecil dari α = 0,05). Hal ini berarti terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan umur terhadap keluhan Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS). Sedangkan hasil perhitungan regresi logistik untuk lama kerja, masa kerja, penggunaan APD, dan paparan getaran di peroleh p-value > α= 0,05 (nilai p-value lebih besar dari α =0,05). Hal ini berarti tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan lama kerja, masa kerja, penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD), dan paparan getaran terhadap keluhan Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS). Hasil dari regresi diperoleh R2 (Koefisien Determinasi atau R Square) sebesar 0,499 artinya variabel keluhan Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel umur, lama kerja, masa kerja, penggunaan APD, dan paparan getaran secara serentak sebesar 49,9%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 50,1% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar model. Kesimpulan Variabel Umur berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keluhan hand arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), sedangkan variabel masa kerja, penggunaan APD, paparan getaran tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keluhan Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS).

The industrial sector in Indonesia is quite rapid. Industrial development in Indonesia is related to occupational diseases. Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) is an occupational disease caused by exposure to vibration. There are several factors possibly causing the risk of HAVS complaints, including the frequency of machine vibration, age, years of service and length of work per day. This study aimed to analyze the influence of grinding machine vibration exposure on complaints of Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) at PT Maruki International Indonesia Makassar. The study used analytic observation with a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique was proportionate stratified random sampling using the Slovin’s formula of 45 respondents. Data collection was carried out using a vibration meter and a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The data were analyzed by logistic regression test. Based on the results of logistic regression calculations, the p-value for age was 0.010 < α = 0.05 (the p-value was smaller than α = 0.05). This mean that age had significant influence on (HAVS) complaints. While the results of logistic regression calculations for length of work per day, years of service, the use of PPE, and exposure to vibrations obtained p-value > α = 0.05 (p-value greater than α = 0.05). This indicated that length of work, years of service, the use of (PPE), and vibration exposure had no significant influence on (HAVS) complaints. The results of the regression obtained R2 (Coefficient of Determination or R Square) of 0.499 indicated that the variable (HAVS) complaints could be explained by the age, length of work, years of service, use of PPE, and vibration exposure variables simultaneously by 49.9%, while the remaining 50.1% was explained by other variables outside the model. This study concluded that age had significant influence on (HAVS) complaints, while the variable years of service, the use of PPE and vibration exposure had no significant influence on (HAVS) complaints.